Operators in C

/*Operators And Expressions*/

An operators specifies an operation to be performed that yields a value. operators are essential to form expression and to perform arithmetical and logical operations on  values or variables. some operators require two operands, while other act upon only one operand. An operand is a data item on which an operator acts.

C includes types of operators. which are as-

Arithmetic operators

Assignment operators

Increment and Decrements operators

Relational operators

Logical operators

Conditional operators

Comma operators

Sizeof operator

Bitwise operators

Other operators

1.) Arithmetic Operators 

Arithmetic operators are used for arithmetic and numeric calculations which perform addition, subtractions, multiplication etc. they are of two types...

i. Unary arithmetic operators

ii. Binary arithmetic operators

• Unary Arithmetic Operators: unary operators require only one operand. 

example: +x -y

• Binary Arithmetic Operators

Binary operators require two operands. 

example: 5+4-9

The "+" and "-" symbols are called operators and 5,4,9 are the operands.

Operators	Purpose
+	Addition
-	Subtraction
*	Multiplication
/	Division
%	Remainder

Example of arithmetic Operators:

#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
 void main()
{
int x, y, result;
printf("Enter your first integer in x =");
scanf("%d",&x);
printf("Enter your second integer in y =");
scanf("%d",&y);
//Addition
result=x+y;
printf("\n addition = %d",result); 
//Subtraction
result =x-y;
printf("\nSubtraction = %d",result);     
//division
result=x/y;
printf("\ndivision = %d",result); 
//Remainder
result=x%y;
printf("\nremainder after division = %d",result);
getch();
}
Ouput:

2.) Assignment Operators

The assignment operator is represented by equal sign(=). it is assign a value.

example: a=10

Here, 10 is assigned to a.

3.) Increment and decrements Operators

The increment and decrements operators in C are represented by ++ and -- sign. The operator "++" means add 1 and the operators "--" means subtract 1.

for example: 

int a=5; 

a=a+1; / ++a;

Result a=6

int a=5; 

a=a-1; / --a;

Result a=4

These operators are two type-

i.) Prefix increments/decrements:  Here, operator is written before the operand. e.g. ++a or --a.

ii.) Postfix increment/decrements: Here, operators is written after the operand. e.g. a++ or a--.

For example:
#include<stdio.h>
#include<conio.h>
 void main()
{
int x ;
printf("Enter your first integer in x =");
scanf("%d",&x);
printf("\n value of x = %d",x);  
//prefix increment ++x
printf("\n prefix increment = %d",++x);
printf("\n after prefix increment the value of x = %d",x); 
//prefix decrements --x
printf("\n prefix decrements= %d",--x); 
printf("\n after prefix decrements the value of x = %d",x); 
//postfix increment x++
printf("\n postfix increment = %d",x++);
printf("\n after postfix increment the value of x = %d",x);
//postfix decrement x--
printf("\n postfix decrements = %d",x--); 
printf("\n after postfix decrements the value of x %d",x); 
getch();

}
Output:

4.)Relational Operators

relational operators such as greater than or less than, are used to compare value between two variables.an expression contains relational operators is called relational expression. the relational operators are.

Operators	Purpose
<	less than
<=	less than or equal to
==	equal to
!=	not equal to
>	greater than
>=	greater than or equal to

5.) Logical Operator

An expression that combines two or more expression is termed as a logical expression. for combining these expression we used logical operators.

C allow three types of logical operators, namely 

Operators	Purpose
&&	Logical And
||	Logical Or
!	Logical Not

6.) Conditional Operator

The conditional operator(? and :) require three expression as operands. it is also called ternary operator. the syntax or the conditional operator is 

conditional expression ? expression1 : expression2;

void main()

{

 int x,y;

if(x>y)? a:b;

}

a is true and b is false.

7.) Comma Operators

The expression is separated by the comma operator.

for example: x=5, b=9;  

8.) sizeof Operator

sizeof Operator is used to return the size of its operand in terms of bytes. it is an unary operator.

9.) Bitwise Operator

bitwise operators operate on integers only.

Operators	Purpose
&	bitwise AND
|	bitwise OR
~	one's complement
<<	left shift
>>	right shift
^	bitwise XOR